Understanding your menstrual cycle is the foundation when you’re trying to get pregnant. A typical cycle lasts around 28 days, but anywhere between 21 and 35 days is normal. The cycle starts on the first day of your period and ends the day before your next one. Around the middle — usually between days 12 and 16 — ovulation occurs, when an egg is released from the ovary and can be fertilized by sperm.

For pregnancy to happen, intercourse or insemination needs to occur during the fertile window — the few days before, during, and right after ovulation. Signs of ovulation may include clear, stretchy vaginal discharge, mild pelvic discomfort, or increased sexual desire.

Irregular periods are common and can be affected by stress, weight changes, illness, or hormonal fluctuations. It doesn’t necessarily mean something is wrong, but it can make it harder to track ovulation.

Alma’s tips:

• Use an app or calendar to track your cycle.

• Don’t worry if it takes a few months — that’s normal.

• If your periods are very irregular, speak with a midwife or gynecologist.