Genital warts are caused by certain types of HPV, a very common virus spread through skin-to-skin contact. Many people don’t realize they’re infected until small warts appear — and in some cases, they never notice them at all. Among teens, this is one of the most common STIs, and it’s important to know that genital warts are harmless even if they feel upsetting.

Warts vary in appearance: tiny skin-colored bumps, flat patches, or cauliflower-like growths around the genitals or anus. They may itch or feel irritated, but they usually don’t hurt. HPV can spread even when no warts are visible, though the risk is higher during an outbreak.

Treatment includes creams, freezing, or simply waiting for the body to clear the virus. Most people are rid of the infection within two years. HPV vaccines protect against many HPV types, but not all.

Common signs:

• Small genital warts

• Itching or irritation

• Slowly growing skin changes

• Sometimes no symptoms at all

Alma’s tips:

If you notice a skin change you don’t recognize, come see me. This is common and nothing to be ashamed of. Avoid shaving over warts — it can spread them. Use condoms when you can, and take the HPV vaccine if available.